10. Merry Christmas

Module 10 Summary

In Module 10, you learned how to talk about holidays, celebrations, explanations, beliefs, indirect objects, relative clauses, and adverbs. You began by learning how to wish people well on holidays and special occasions with expressions such as Joyeux Noël, Bonne année, Bon anniversaire, Félicitations, Meilleurs vœux, and Bon courage.

You then learned how to ask for explanations using pourquoi and give reasons with parce que. You practiced expressions such as Pourquoi tu ne viens pas ?, Tu peux m’expliquer ?, Je ne comprends pas pourquoi, and Parce que je dois étudier.

You expanded your vocabulary for holidays and celebrations, including Noël, le Nouvel An, Pâques, la Saint-Valentin, un anniversaire, un mariage, une fête, and une célébration. You also practiced talking about celebration activities such as préparer un repas, offrir un cadeau, recevoir un cadeau, inviter des amis, and passer du temps en famille.

In the grammar sections, you studied indirect object pronouns such as me, te, lui, nous, vous, and leur. You learned how to replace à + person phrases in sentences like Je lui parle, Je leur écris, and Je veux lui offrir un cadeau.

You also learned the verbs croire and recevoir, using forms such as je crois, nous croyons, je reçois, nous recevons, and ils reçoivent. You practiced subordinate clauses with que and qu’, such as Je crois que c’est important and Je crois qu’il va venir.

Next, you learned relative clauses with qui, que, and où. You practiced describing people, things, places, and times with phrases such as un ami qui parle français, un film que j’aime, and un café où j’étudie.

Finally, you learned how to use adverbs to add detail. You studied common adverbs such as bien, mal, vite, lentement, souvent, toujours, parfois, rarement, très, assez, and trop, and you practiced forming adverbs with -ment, such as lentement, rapidement, sérieusement, and clairement.

By the end of Module 10, you should be able to wish people well, talk about celebrations, ask for and give explanations, use indirect object pronouns, express beliefs with croire, talk about receiving things with recevoir, connect ideas with subordinate clauses, describe people and things with relative clauses, and use adverbs to make your French more precise.

Module 11 will build on these skills by helping you find your way, ask for and give directions, talk about locations and movement, describe travel around a city, and use more structures for practical navigation.