4.9.1. The Main Idea
French uses y and en to replace some phrases so you do not have to repeat them.
y | there / to it / in it |
en | from there / of it / some |
At this level, focus on the simplest idea:
y often replaces à + place.en often replaces de + place.
4.9.2. Y: There / To a Place
Use y to replace a place introduced by à, au, à la, à l’, or aux.
Je vais à l’université. | J’y vais. |
Je vais au café. | J’y vais. |
Je vais à la maison. | J’y vais. |
Je vais aux États-Unis. | J’y vais. |
4.9.3. En: From There
Use en to replace a place introduced by de, du, de la, de l’, or des.
Je viens de l’université. | J’en viens. |
Je viens du café. | J’en viens. |
Je viens de la maison. | J’en viens. |
Je viens des États-Unis. | J’en viens. |
4.9.4. Word Order
Y and en usually go before the verb.
J’y vais. | I am going there. |
J’en viens. | I am coming from there. |
Il y va. | He is going there. |
Elle en vient. | She is coming from there. |
Tiny word, big job. It slips in before the verb like a little grammatical key.
4.9.5. Simple Questions and Answers
Tu vas au café ? | Oui, j’y vais. |
Tu vas à l’université ? | Oui, j’y vais. |
Tu viens du cours ? | Oui, j’en viens. |
Tu viens de la maison ? | Oui, j’en viens. |
4.9.6. Core Patterns
aller à + place | y aller |
Je vais au café. | J’y vais. |
venir de + place | en venir |
Je viens du café. | J’en viens. |
4.9.7. Practice
I am going there. |
He is going there. |
I am coming from there. |
She is coming from there. |
Are you going to the café? Yes, I am going there. |
Are you coming from class? Yes, I am coming from there. |
4.9.8. Answers
I am going there. | J’y vais. |
He is going there. | Il y va. |
I am coming from there. | J’en viens. |
She is coming from there. | Elle en vient. |
Are you going to the café? Yes, I am going there. | Tu vas au café ? Oui, j’y vais. |
Are you coming from class? Yes, I am coming from there. | Tu viens du cours ? Oui, j’en viens. |
4.9.9. Short Dialogue
A : Tu vas à l’université ? | A: Are you going to the university? |
B : Oui, j’y vais. Et toi ? | B: Yes, I am going there. And you? |
A : Moi, je viens du café. | A: I am coming from the café. |
B : Ah, tu en viens ? | B: Ah, are you coming from there? |
4.9.10. Checkpoint
By the end of this lesson, you should understand that y can replace à + place, en can replace de + place, and both usually go before the verb.