ir Verbs Like Dormir
6.6.1. The Main Idea
Some French verbs end in -ir, but they do not all follow the same pattern. A useful group works like dormir, meaning to sleep.
dormir | to sleep |
partir | to leave |
sortir | to go out |
servir | to serve |
These verbs lose part of the stem in the singular forms.
6.6.2. The Verb Dormir
je dors | I sleep / I am sleeping |
tu dors | you sleep / you are sleeping |
il dort | he sleeps / he is sleeping |
elle dort | she sleeps / she is sleeping |
nous dormons | we sleep / we are sleeping |
vous dormez | you sleep / you are sleeping |
ils dorment | they sleep / they are sleeping |
elles dorment | they sleep / they are sleeping |
6.6.3. The Pattern
For je, tu, il, and elle, remove -mir and use the shorter stem.
dormir | to sleep |
je dors | I sleep |
tu dors | you sleep |
il dort | he sleeps |
elle dort | she sleeps |
For nous, vous, ils, and elles, keep the fuller stem.
nous dormons | we sleep |
vous dormez | you sleep |
ils dorment | they sleep |
elles dorment | they sleep |
6.6.4. The Verb Partir
je pars | I leave / I am leaving |
tu pars | you leave / you are leaving |
il part | he leaves / he is leaving |
elle part | she leaves / she is leaving |
nous partons | we leave / we are leaving |
vous partez | you leave / you are leaving |
ils partent | they leave / they are leaving |
elles partent | they leave / they are leaving |
6.6.5. The Verb Sortir
je sors | I go out / I am going out |
tu sors | you go out / you are going out |
il sort | he goes out / he is going out |
elle sort | she goes out / she is going out |
nous sortons | we go out / we are going out |
vous sortez | you go out / you are going out |
ils sortent | they go out / they are going out |
elles sortent | they go out / they are going out |
6.6.6. The Verb Servir
je sers | I serve / I am serving |
tu sers | you serve / you are serving |
il sert | he serves / he is serving |
elle sert | she serves / she is serving |
nous servons | we serve / we are serving |
vous servez | you serve / you are serving |
ils servent | they serve / they are serving |
elles servent | they serve / they are serving |
6.6.7. Common Expressions
Je dors beaucoup. | I sleep a lot. |
Je dors mal. | I sleep badly. |
Je pars maintenant. | I am leaving now. |
Je pars bientôt. | I am leaving soon. |
Je sors avec des amis. | I am going out with friends. |
Je sors ce soir. | I am going out tonight. |
Je sers le café. | I am serving the coffee. |
Il sert le dîner. | He is serving dinner. |
6.6.8. Questions
Tu dors bien ? | Do you sleep well? |
Tu pars maintenant ? | Are you leaving now? |
Tu sors ce soir ? | Are you going out tonight? |
Vous sortez avec des amis ? | Are you going out with friends? |
Elle sert le café ? | Is she serving the coffee? |
6.6.9. Negative Sentences
Place ne… pas around the conjugated verb.
Je dors. | I sleep. |
Je ne dors pas. | I do not sleep. |
Tu pars. | You leave. |
Tu ne pars pas. | You do not leave. |
Il sort. | He goes out. |
Il ne sort pas. | He does not go out. |
Elle sert le café. | She serves the coffee. |
Elle ne sert pas le café. | She does not serve the coffee. |
6.6.10. Core Patterns
dormir | je dors, nous dormons |
partir | je pars, nous partons |
sortir | je sors, nous sortons |
servir | je sers, nous servons |
je / tu / il / elle | shorter stem |
nous / vous / ils / elles | fuller stem |
6.6.11. Practice
I sleep. |
You sleep well. informal |
He sleeps badly. |
I am leaving now. |
She is leaving soon. |
We are going out tonight. |
You are going out with friends. formal |
They serve dinner. masculine or mixed |
I do not sleep. |
Are you going out tonight? informal |
6.6.12. Answers
I sleep. | Je dors. |
You sleep well. informal | Tu dors bien. |
He sleeps badly. | Il dort mal. |
I am leaving now. | Je pars maintenant. |
She is leaving soon. | Elle part bientôt. |
We are going out tonight. | Nous sortons ce soir. |
You are going out with friends. formal | Vous sortez avec des amis. |
They serve dinner. masculine or mixed | Ils servent le dîner. |
I do not sleep. | Je ne dors pas. |
Are you going out tonight? informal | Tu sors ce soir ? |
6.6.13. Short Dialogue
A : Tu sors ce soir ? | A: Are you going out tonight? |
B : Non, je ne sors pas. Je dors. | B: No, I am not going out. I am sleeping. |
A : Tu pars demain ? | A: Are you leaving tomorrow? |
B : Oui, je pars demain matin. | B: Yes, I am leaving tomorrow morning. |
6.6.14. Checkpoint
By the end of this lesson, you should be able to recognize and use common -ir verbs like dormir, partir, sortir, and servir, and understand that these verbs use a shorter stem in singular forms and a fuller stem in plural forms.